Research Article

Design and Study of a Miniaturized Millimeter Wave Array Antenna for Wireless Body Area Network

Table 4

On-body comparison of single-element array for different distances.

ParametersFree spaceOn-body 2 mmOn-body 4 mmOn-body 6 mmOn-body 8 mm

Bandwidth (GHz)17.818.2418.46117.96118.722
Return loss (dB) 60 GHz−24.399−18.807−21.771−25.175−27.937
Gain (dBi)4.018.416.8786.3336.48
Radiation efficiency (%)99.9875.6881.7483.5585.41
Total efficiency (%)99.6274.6881.1983.2985.28
VSWR1.12831.25921.17771.11681.0836