Improvement in the Gain of UWB Antenna for GPR Applications by Using Frequency-Selective Surface

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Parameter</td><td class="align_center">Value (millimetre)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><i>L </i><sub><i>s</i></sub></td><td class="align_center">10</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><span style="width: 13.0424ptpx;"><svg height="9.25202pt" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-3.29111pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 13.0424 9.25202" width="13.0424pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M689 332C689 394 670 448 646 448C620 448 597 421 597 396C597 386 600 381 608 372C619 359 620 334 620 315C620 150 538 45 454 45C414 45 386 67 386 122C386 138 388 158 394 180L457 426L452 432L377 416L315 156C302 100 259 45 216 45C176 45 148 67 148 122C148 133 152 158 156 180C162 212 173 259 194 332C201 357 206 384 206 405C206 430 198 448 174 448C125 448 66 406 23 342L43 319C84 368 110 383 121 383C126 383 128 382 128 377C128 370 127 359 122 343C99 268 84 204 77 156C74 137 70 111 70 104C70 25 125 -12 180 -12C228 -12 276 12 319 50C338 8 378 -12 418 -12C549 -12 689 166 689 332Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.931,3.132)"><path d="M357 391C357 416 325 451 270 451C241 451 179 431 146 400C109 365 97 334 97 307C97 248 143 213 196 180C250 146 261 123 261 101C261 75 237 40 190 40C153 40 110 72 86 109C81 116 68 119 55 112C37 102 24 87 24 66C24 30 85 -12 137 -12C229 -12 331 62 331 140C331 189 304 218 236 260C197 284 164 309 164 346C164 381 194 400 220 400C259 400 282 380 304 350C310 342 321 339 330 344C347 353 357 372 357 391Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center">10</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><i>L </i><sub><i>p</i></sub></td><td class="align_center">9.75</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><span style="width: 15.0153ptpx;"><svg height="11.4351pt" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-5.47419pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 15.0153 11.4351" width="15.0153pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M689 332C689 394 670 448 646 448C620 448 597 421 597 396C597 386 600 381 608 372C619 359 620 334 620 315C620 150 538 45 454 45C414 45 386 67 386 122C386 138 388 158 394 180L457 426L452 432L377 416L315 156C302 100 259 45 216 45C176 45 148 67 148 122C148 133 152 158 156 180C162 212 173 259 194 332C201 357 206 384 206 405C206 430 198 448 174 448C125 448 66 406 23 342L43 319C84 368 110 383 121 383C126 383 128 382 128 377C128 370 127 359 122 343C99 268 84 204 77 156C74 137 70 111 70 104C70 25 125 -12 180 -12C228 -12 276 12 319 50C338 8 378 -12 418 -12C549 -12 689 166 689 332Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.931,3.132)"><path d="M573 302C573 402 527 451 414 451C386 451 343 446 313 437L330 513L320 522C295 508 261 484 243 463L230 415C194 400 159 383 126 359L131 330C159 344 187 357 222 368L109 -147C96 -204 80 -214 18 -223L13 -255L256 -244L259 -212L236 -210C184 -205 180 -195 191 -141L219 -1C240 -10 268 -12 284 -12C352 4 431 48 484 104C543 166 573 240 573 302ZM481 290C481 165 381 37 305 37C280 37 249 56 235 71L302 395C328 399 353 402 372 402C427 402 481 378 481 290Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center">9.75</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><i>l </i><sub><i>p</i></sub></td><td class="align_center">0.6</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><i>P </i><sub><i>2</i></sub></td><td class="align_center">9.75</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><i>R</i></td><td class="align_center">4.7</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><i>H </i><sub><i>s</i></sub></td><td class="align_center">1.6</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><i>Lp </i><sub>2</sub></td><td class="align_center">9.4</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><i>Lp </i><sub>1</sub></td><td class="align_center">9.4</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="2"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Design parameters of reported unit cell.</div>

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Improvement in the Gain of UWB Antenna for GPR Applications by Using Frequency-Selective Surface 