| Constitutive model | Linear elastic | [53, 55, 57, 58, 78, 82, 86, 89–98] | Nonlinear elastic | [99–101] | Viscoelastic | [10, 102–110] | Biphasic | [42, 72, 76, 81, 85, 111–129] |
| Mesh element | Tetrahedral | [10, 45, 53–55, 57, 58, 72, 76, 78, 81, 85, 86, 90, 91, 93–98, 100–102, 105–109, 111–113, 116–129] | Quadrilateral | [89, 115] | Pentahedral | [92] | Hexahedral | [82, 92, 99–106, 108] |
| Validation | Clinical | [76, 78, 89, 91–94, 96, 97, 102, 104–106, 111–120, 125, 126, 128, 129] | Phantom | [98, 115] | Animal | [42, 121, 124] |
|
|