Value CMR: Towards a Comprehensive, Rapid, Cost-Effective Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Figure 6

Comparison between volunteer (a, c, e, g) and patient (b, d, f, h) flow dynamics in the aorta (a, b), pulmonary artery (c, d), mitral valve (e, f), and tricuspid valve (g, h). The figure shows different patterns of flow curves and hemodynamics between the volunteer and patient; for example, the early-to-atrial (E/A) filling ratios in the mitral and tricuspid valves are lower in patient compared to volunteer, which may reflect diastolic dysfunction. Flow directions are shown by red arrows. 4D-flow videos in patient and volunteer are provided in supplementary materials (available here). AAo: ascending aorta; DAo: descending aorta; PA: pulmonary artery; MPA: main pulmonary artery; RPA: right pulmonary artery; LV: left ventricle; RV: right ventricle; AV: aortic valve; PV: pulmonary valve; MV: mistral valve; TV: tricuspid valve.