Next Generation Orthopaedic Implants by Additive Manufacturing Using Electron Beam Melting

Table 1

Comparison of mechanical properties for solid Ti-6Al-4V and Co-26Cr-6Mo.

Material	Microstructure	HV (GPa)	HRC	YS (GPa)	UTS (GPa)	Elongation (%)
Wrought Ti-6Al-4V	Coarse acicular 𝛼-phase	3.8	48	1.17	1.23	12
EBM (𝑧) Ti-6Al-4V	Acicular 𝛼-phase	3.6	38	1.03	1.11	13
EBM (𝑥,𝑦) Ti-6Al-4V	𝛼^-martensite + 𝛼-phase	4.1	41	1.10	1.11	11
ASTM Grade 5 (nominal) Ti-6Al-4V	Acicular 𝛼-phase plates	3.4	37	0.9	1.00	15
ASTM-F75 (wrought) Co-26Cr-6Mo	Equiaxed grains with annealing twins	2.8	30	0.45	0.66	10
EBM (𝑧) Co-26Cr-6Mo	Columnar precipitates (Cr23C6)	4.6	48	0.51	1.45	3.6
EBM (𝑥,𝑦) Co-26Cr-6Mo	Columnar precipitates (Cr23C6)	—	—	0.77	0.84	2.7
EBM (𝑧) + HIP Co-26Cr-6Mo	Equiaxed fcc grains with annealing twins	3.6	31	0.60	1.15	32
EBM (𝑥,𝑦) + HIP Co-26Cr-6Mo	Equiaxed fcc grains with annealing twins	—	—	0.63	0.99	20