Novel Vanadium-Loaded Ordered Collagen Scaffold Promotes Osteochondral Differentiation of Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells

Figure 4

Effect of VOAsc on cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. BMPC were incubated with different doses of VOAsc. Cell proliferation was determined after 24 h of culture (a) and osteoblastic differentiation was assessed by ALP (b), type 1 collagen production (c) and matrix mineralization by calcium nodules deposition (d) after 2 weeks of culture in an osteogenic media in the presence of different concetrations of VOAsc. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments and are expressed as % basal. , .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)