International Journal of Biomaterials

Review Article

Preparation Methods for Improving PEEK’s Bioactivity for Orthopedic and Dental Application: A Review

Table 2

Different ionization assistants which have been used for improving the bioactivity of PEEK via plasma treatment.
Ionization assistantResults
OxygenEnhancement of wettability [35, 36].
Increase of push-out force and bone-implant contact area [41].
AirEnhancement of wettability [35, 36].
NitrogenEnhancement of wettability [35, 36].
AmmoniaEnhancement of wettability [35, 36].
ArgonEnhancement of wettability [35, 36].
Using vapor as a plasma resource showed improvement of osteoblast adhesion, spreading, proliferation, and early osteogenic differentiation [42].
Increasing surface roughness, enhancement of cell adhesion, proliferation, and metabolic activity [43].
N2/O2In vitro study via osteoblast cells showed no disadvantages on cell viability [37].
NH3Enhancement of wettability and increasing cell growth [38].
Ammonia/argonEnhancement of cell proliferation rate and enhancement of wettability [39].
Hydrogen/argonEnhancement of cell proliferation rate and enhancement of wettability [39].
CH4/O2Enhancement of cell adhesion and enhancement of wettability [40].
O2/ArEnhancement of cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of adMSC [40].
NH4Enhancement of cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of adMSC [40].