Simplified Surface Treatments for Ceramic Cementation: Use of Universal Adhesive and Self-Etching Ceramic Primer

Table 4

Distribution of failure modes in percentage (%) and absolute numbers (n) after shear bond strength test for all tested groups.

Groups	Adhesive Failure - (n)	Cohesive Failure - (n)	Mixed Failure - (n)	Pre-test failures (n)
H/S/A	0 (0)	30 (3)	70 (7)	0 (0)
H/S	0 (0)	100 (10)	0 (0)	0 (0)
H/S/UA	0 (0)	20 (2)	80 (8)	0 (0)
H/UA	20 (2)	0 (0)	80 (8)	0 (0)
MBEP/A	0 (0)	20 (2)	80 (8)	0 (0)
MBEP	0 (0)	90 (9)	10 (1)	0 (0)