Seismic Behavior of Corroded RC Bridges: Review and Research Gaps

Table 4

Important factors and their effects on corrosion rate and start time of corrosion.

Factor	Empirical corrosion rate () model	⁢Mathematical corrosion rate
		Start time
Steel condition
Temperature at steel level
Galvanic coupling
Corroding area to exposure area
Anodic and cathodic resistivity
Concrete and binder properties
w/c ratio
Total %
pH
Electrical resistivity
Permeability
Cracks			NC
Size distribution of aggregates
Initiation crack width
Degree saturation of pore			(30%–50) ; (60%–100%)
External factors
Slag concentration
Chloride conductivity
RH
Time
Oxygen availability
Aging of oxides in dry concrete
Aging of oxides in wet concrete	O
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  indicates decreasing and increasing corrosion rate value with an increase of concerning factor; NC: the effect of the concerning factor is unclear; NS: not stated; O: the concerning factor has no effect.