Alterations in Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions during Progression of Cancers

Table 1

Various integrins in association with different ligands to induce different signaling pathways in generation of tumor and metastasis.

Integrin type	Interacting ECM protein	Activated signaling cascade	Tumor/metastasis	Reference
α3β1	Laminin	MMP9 and oncogenic Ras, VEGF, FAK-paxillin signaling cascade	Invasion in keratinocytes, Induces angiogenesis,; Human hepatoma cells	[33, 34]
α6β1	Laminin	Urokinase plasminogen activator and MMP-2, PI3Kinase, Src	Tumor invasion in pancreatic cells	[35, 36]
α7β1	Laminin	Rho-A signaling cascade	Invasion in breast cancer	[37]
α2β1, α1β1, α10β1, αIIβ1	Collagen	FAK and src signaling	Invasion of melanoma cells, cancer progression, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma	[38, 39]
αvβ1, αvβ6, αvβ3	Vitronectin, syndican, thromospondin-1	MMP9, urokinase signaling, MEK/Erk/NF-𝜅B, PKCa, FAK	Metastatic breast Cancer, pancreatic, cervical, colon, lung/liver metastasis	[40–42]
α9β1	CCN3, osteopontin	Src, P130 Cas, Rac, NOS signaling	Metastatic potential	[43]
αIIb3, αvb3	Von Willebrand factor	Interacts with thrombospondin-1 and induces VEGF/FGF signaling	Breast cancer	[44, 45]
α5	Fibronectin	FAK, ERK, PI-3 K, ILK, and nuclear factor-kappa B -	Metastatic lung and cervical cancer	[46, 47]
αLβ2	Intercellular cell adhesion molecules		Breast cancer	[1]