Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Control of Mitochondrial Biogenesis

Figure 1

The mammalian oxidative phosphorylations (OXPHOS) system. Depicted are the four respiratory complexes (I–IV), electron carriers coenzyme Q and cytochrome c, the ATP synthase complex, the ADP/ATP carrier (ANC); and the phosphate carrier (PiC). Arrows at complexes I, III, and IV illustrate the proton pumping to the intermembrane space. Indicated are the number of complex subunits encoded by mitochondrial (mtDNA) and nuclear (nDNA) genomes.