Hyaluronan Synthesis, Catabolism, and Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Figure 2

HA synthases, HA receptors, and hyaluronidases are transcriptionally upregulated in response to injury by inflammatory mediators and other injury-induced mediators. As a result, HA increases in injured tissues but also is digested. The balance between HA synthesis and catabolism influences cellular behaviors, such as proliferation and differentiation, either by influencing signals induced by high molecular weight HA or due to the accumulation of HA digestion products that have their own biological activities.