Hierarchical Modeling of Patient and Physician Determinants of Blood Pressure Outcomes in Hypertensive Patients with and without Diabetes: Pooled Analysis of Six Observational Valsartan Studies with 15,282 Evaluable Patients

Table 6

Summary of determinants retained in hierarchical linear and logistic regression modeling (any occurrence of determinant).

	Diabetic					Nondiabetic
	BP values		BP control			BP values		BP control
	SBP	DBP	SBP	DBP	SBP/DBP	SBP	DBP	SBP	DBP	SBP/DBP
Patient determinants
Demographics
Age, per 1 year		+		+		−	+	−	+
Blood pressure
SBP at diagnosis of HTN, per 1 mm Hg	−		−		−	−		−		−
DBP at diagnosis of HTN, per 1 mm Hg		−		−			−		−
Risk factors
Renal impairment						+		−
Cardiovascular disease (MI & coronary)	+	+	+		+	+			+
Body mass index, per 1 kg/m^2						−	−
Total cholesterol, per 1 mg/dL	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−
Valsartan dose (0/80/160 mg)	−	−	−		−	−	−	−	−	−
HCTZ dose (0/12.5/25 mg)	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−
Adherence	+	+		+	+	+		+	+	+
Concomitant antihypertensive treatment
β-Blocker	−					−
Studies
PREVIEW	−	−	−		−			−		−
IMPROVE		+		+					+
INSIST							+	+	+	+
Physician determinants
Year in practice, per 1 year		−				−		−		−
Duration of visit of newly diagnosed HTN patients		+
HTN patients in past year (per 1 patient)						+	+		+
Male gender	−					−	−

BP: blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; HCTZ: hydrochlorothiazide; HTN: hypertension. Negative impact is denoted by a minus (−) sign: increases BP levels and decreases odds of BP control. Positive impact is denoted by a plus (+) sign: decreases BP levels and increases odds of BP control.