Review Article
Waste Material Adsorbents for Zinc Removal from Wastewater: A Comprehensive Review
Table 3
Adsorption capacities of different adsorbents for the removal of Zn2+ from water.
| Adsorbent | Zn+2 mg/L | Modifying agent(s) | mg/g | Source |
| Bagasse | 200 | Sulfuric acid | 31.11 | [19] | Moss | 100 | Distilled water | 14.7 | [20] | Bentonite | 300 | — | 52.91 | [95] | Botrytis cinerea | 100 | NaOH | 12.98 | [23] | Sea nodule residue | 200 | Hydrochloric acid | 32.46 | [24] | Powdered waste sludge | 200 | H2O2 | 168 | [25] | Waste activated sludge | 16 | — | 36.9 | [26] | Sugar beet pulp | 160 | Deionized water | 17.78 | [27] | Papaya wood | Deionized water | 13.64 | [31] | Clarified sludge | 25 | Distilled water | 15.53 |
[32] | Rice husk ash | | Distilled water | 14.30 | Neem bark | | Distilled water | 13.29 | Activated alumina | | — | 13.69 | Saltbush leaves | — | HCl | 32.7 | [33] | Natural zeolite | 120 | — | 2.21 | [45] | Black gram husk | 10 | Distilled water | 33.81 | [47] | Carrot residues | 500 | HCl | 29.61 | [52] | Cassava waste | — | Untreated | 55.82 |
[54] | Thioglycollic acid + HNO3 | 559.74 | Caulerpa lentillifera | 10 | Tab water | 2.66 | [56] | Dried marine green macroalga | 260 | CaCl2 | 128.8 | [57] | Sawdust-oak | — | Unmodified | 7.1 |
[58] | Sawdust-oak | — | Formaldehyde | 6.1 | Sawdust-oak | — | Formaldehyde + NaOH | 9.3 | Sawdust-oak | — | NaOH | 8.3 | Sawdust-black locust | — | Unmodified | 5.2 | Sawdust-black locust | — | Formaldehyde | 5.3 | Sawdust-black locust | — | Formaldehyde + NaOH | 9 | Sawdust-black locust | — | NaOH | 6.7 | Sawdust-poplar | 196 | Unmodified | 1 |
[59] | Sawdust-fir | 196 | Unmodified | 1 | Sawdust-poplar | 130 | NaOH | 15.8 | Sawdust-fir | 40 | NaOH | 13.4 | Lignin | 6.5 | HCl + ether + benzene | 73.2 | [60] | Bagasse fly ash | 50 | Hydrogen peroxide | 2.34 | [72] | Bagasse | 850 | Activated carbon (10°C) | 24.06 |
[19] | 800 | Activated carbon (25°C) | 31.11 | 775 | Activated carbon (40°C) | 54 | Coal fly ash | | Unmodified (30–60°C) | 6.5–13.3 |
[96] | Fe impregnated fly ash | | Fe(Cl)3 (30–60°C) | 7.5–15.5 | Al impregnated fly ash | | Al(NO3)3 (30–60°C) | 7.0–15.4 | Rice husk ash + coal fly ash + palm oil fuel ash | 15 | Sol gel method | 16.95 | [97] |
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