Research Article
A Hybrid Process Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Approach for Chemical Plants
Figure 1
Flowchart of the process monitoring and fault diagnosis approach (black line: establishment procedure of the process monitoring and fault diagnosis model; red dot line: online application of the process monitoring and fault diagnosis model; HAZOP: hazard and operability; KPCA: kernel principal component analysis; WNN: wavelet neural network; FTA: fault tree analysis).