Recent Development in Ammonia Stripping Process for Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Table 2

Comparison of the different ammonia stripping processes.

Ammonia stripping processes	Wastewater volume	Process efficiency (%)	Removal of other contaminant	Suspended solids tolerance	Fouling problem	Stripping time (h)	Airflow rate	Mass transfer coefficient	References
Packed tower	1000	75	Not available	Low	High	3.5	25 (air to water ratio)	0.42/h	[69]
Semibatch jet loop reactor	9 L	97	Not available	High	Low	5.8	5.6 (air to water ratio)	0.63/h	[42]
Water-sparged aerocyclone	10 L	98	Total P and COD	High	Low	3.5	11.4 (air to water ratio)	1.2/h	[41]
Rotating packed bed reactor	0.025–0.01 L/min	64	Not available	High	Low	0.0037	1800 L/min (continuous flow)	12.3/h	[40]
Membrane contactor	0.94 L	99.83	Not available	Low	High	10	Not available	0.011 m/h	[57]
Membrane distillation	1 L	98.5	Not available	Low	High	4h	Not available	0.079	[70]
Ion exchange loopstripping	2 L	84.6	Not available	low	High	2.5	Not available	Not available	[27]
Microwave radiation	0.75 L	94.2	Not Available	High	Not available	0.0167	10 (air to water ratio)	3.354	[71]