|
| Type | Material | Variables pH, temperature, COD conc., water type | Removal (%) | Ref. |
|
| EDTA-modified magnetic sawdust carbon nanocomposites (EDTA@Fe3O4/SC ncs) | | pH = 7, room temperature (27°C), dye conc. 10 mg/l, 0.5 g/l, 0.5 h | 96.7 | [38] |
|
| | Cotton shell powder (CSP) | At optimum dosage (2 g/L), room temperature, dye conc. 80 mg/l, and pH = 8 | CSPMC > MLMC > CSP > ML (98.8–86.6% > 98.2–82.0% > 92.3–70.7% > 89.0–57.4%) | [39] |
| Moringa oleifera leaves (ML) |
| Magnetite-assisted composites of Moringa oleifera leaves (MLMC) |
| Cotton shell powder (CSPMC) |
|
| Hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposite | | pH = 7, room temperature (25oC), dye conc. 5 mg/l, 0.9 g/l, 1 h | 99.5 | [40] |
|
| Cu 0.5 Mn 0.5 Fe2O4 nanospinel | | pH = 2–12, room temperature (25oC), dye conc. 100 mg/l, 3.3 g/l, 2 h | 92 | [41] |
|
| MnO2-loaded activated carbon | | pH = 7, room temperature (25oC), dye conc. 6 mg/l, 0.44 g/l, 0.06 h | 99 | [42] |
|
| Kaolin | | 90 min, dye concentrations of 20 mg/L, pH = 7, adsorbent dose = 1 g/l | 91 | [2] |
|
| Activated carbon materials were prepared from the Brazilian pine-fruit shell (Araucaria angustifolia) | Chemically activated carbon (CAC) | 5 h at 323 K, pH 5.5; adsorbent mass 50.0 mg | The maximum adsorption capacities were 273.9 and 335.8 mg/g for CAC and CPAC, respectively | [43] |
| Chemically and physically activated carbon (CPAC) |
|
| NaOH-treated saw dust | | pH = 2.9, contact time = 3 h and adsorbent dose = 4 g/l. T = 3 h, temperature 303 K | 96 | [44] |
|
| Red clay | | pH = 7, RC particle size = 58 μm, contact time = 4 h and adsorbent dose = 0.4 g/L and temperature 25°C, dye conc. 20 ppm | 96 | [7] |
|
| ZnS-NP-AC 142.9 | | pH = 6, adsorbent dose = 0.015 g, time = 35 min, temperature: 27 ± 2°C, BG conc. 5 mg/L | 98 | [45] |
| ZnS-NP-AC-BG 250 | Zinc sulfide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon (ZnS-NPs-AC) | pH = 5, 20 mg of ZnS-NP-AC, 7 mg L−1 of BG after 4 min sonication | 95% adsorption capacity 258 mg g−1 | [46] |
|
| ZnO nanoparticles | | Dye conc. 10–100 mg/L, temp. −27 ± 1 ̊C, adsorbent dose 0.04 g and time 120 min., pH 6.5 ± 0.5 | 90 | [47] |
|
| Activated carbon derived from guava tree wood | | Time (qt) is 20 minutes, pH 7, initial BG dye of 25 mg/l and AC dosage greater than 0.8 g | 99 | This study |
|
