International Journal of Chemical Engineering

Research Article

Evaluation of the Bioenergy Potential of Temer Musa: An Invasive Tree from the African Desert

Table 4

The standard immediately dangerous to life or health concentrations (IDLH) and exposure limits [48] of gases detected in experiments.
GasIDLHExposure limits
NO100 ppmNIOSH REL: TWA 25 ppm (30 mg/m3)
(1 ppm = 1.23 mg/m3)OSHA PEL: TWA 25 ppm (30 mg/m3)
NH3300 ppmNIOSH REL: TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3)
(1 ppm = 0.70 mg/m3)ST 35 ppm (27 mg/m3)
 OSHA PEL†: TWA 50 ppm (35 mg/m3 )
CO240,000 ppmNIOSH REL: TWA 5000 ppm (9000 mg/m3)
(1 ppm = 1.80 mg/m3)ST 30,000 ppm (54,000 mg/m3)
 OSHA PEL†: TWA 5000 ppm (9000 mg/m3)
PH350 ppmNIOSH REL: TWA 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m3)
(1 ppm = 1.39 mg/m3)ST 1 ppm (1 mg/m3)
 OSHA PEL†: TWA 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m3)
SO2100 ppmNIOSH REL: TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3)
(1 ppm = 2.62 mg/m3)ST 5 ppm (13 mg/m3)
 OSHA PEL†: TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3)
H2S100 ppmNIOSH REL: C 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) [10-minute]
(1 ppm = 1.40 mg/m3)OSHA PEL†: C 20 ppm
 50 ppm [10-minute maximum peak]
CO1200 ppmNIOSH REL: TWA 35 ppm (40 mg/m3)
(1 ppm = 1.15 mg/m3)C 200 ppm (229 mg/m3)
 OSHA PEL†: TWA 50 ppm (55 mg/m3)
NO220 ppmNIOSH REL: ST 1 ppm (1.8 mg/m3)
(1 ppm = 1.88 mg/m3)OSHA PEL†: C 5 ppm (9 mg/m3)
HCN50 ppmNIOSH REL: ST 4.7 ppm (5 mg/m3) [skin]
(1 ppm = 1.10 mg/m3)OSHA PEL†: TWA 10 ppm (11 mg/m3) [skin]
Cl210 ppmNIOSH REL: C 0.5 ppm (1.45 mg/m3) [15-minute]
(1 ppm = 2.90 mg/m3)OSHA PEL†: C 1 ppm (3 mg/m3)