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| GDFs | Features description | Origin |
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| Alice (http://alice.org/) | Alice provides a point-and-click programming interface allowing the creation of simple 3D games and animations. It is a tool for teaching object-oriented programming through creating simple games or animations | R20 |
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| Scratch (http://scratch.mit.edu/) | Scratch provides a point-and-click programming interface to create media-rich games, animations, and applications for the Web. Scratch is suitable for teaching children basic programming (variables, arrays, logic, and user interface), and for creating simple 2D quick-and-dirty applications | R4, R17 |
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| Greenfoot (http://www.greenfoot.org/) | Greenfoot is a solid tool that provides many of the needed constructs for creating 2D computer games at a level that is especially appropriate and fun for novice programmers | R6 |
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| Maya/Photoshop/Flash | They are mainly used for art design to create digital characters and animations for games. Flash could also create Flash games | R8, D23 |
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| Game maker (http://www.yoyogames.com/) | Game Maker is a rapid-application development tool for young people at home and in schools to create two-dimensional and isometric games | R5, R12 |
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| StarLogo TNG | StarLogo TNG is designed upon the basic framework of Logo. The programming is done with programming blocks instead of text commands and moved programming from abstract to visual | D22 |
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| Game editor: Warcraft3 Editors/NeverWinter Night toolsets | The editor provides a simple GUI for customizing game templates and requires little or no programming skills to create interesting game designs. The editors are implemented as visual programming tools that allow users to visually customize game behavior, including character behavior, game map, and game play | R9, D26 |
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| Game platforms: Bomberman/Wu’s Castle/Critical Mass board game/quiz-based web game shell | These are concrete games, but provide visual interface for the users to modify or add a basic code to change the game scenarios | R7, R13, R18, D27 |
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