Determination of Cortisol and Dehydroepiandrosterone Levels in Saliva for Screening of Periodontitis in Older Japanese Adults
Table 2
Subject characteristics by smoking status based on CAL levels.
Number of teeth with PD mm*
Never-smokers
Smokers
Characteristics
None
Low
High
value
None
Low
High
value
Number
67
32
14
26
18
14
Age in years
Mean
68.2
68.1
70.1
.287
66.5
69.7
69.8
.034
(SD)
(4.5)
(3.9)
(3.8)
(4.1)
(4.7)
(5.4)
Number of teeth
Mean
23.4
22.2
19.4
.101
23.9
23.3
20.3
.222
(SD)
(6.5)
(6.7)
(5.2)
(6.6)
(5.1)
(7.5)
Site with BOP
Mean
3.0
5.9
5.4
.014
3.8
3.6
4.0
.972
(SD)
(4.2)
(5.5)
(6.3)
(5.1)
(3.4)
(5.3)
Sex
Male
12 (18)
9 (28)
8 (57)
.009
25 (96)
17 (94)
14 (100)
.686
Social class
Non-workers
61 (91)
26 (81)
12 (86)
.614
25 (96)
16 (89)
14 (100)
.601
Medication
38 (56)
15 (49)
7 (50)
.636
13 (50)
11 (61)
6 (64)
.623
Use of interdental brush
Yes
34 (51)
20 (63)
6 (43)
.392
10 (39)
8 (44)
9 (64)
.289
Dental visit in past 12 months
Yes
33 (49)
21 (66)
9 (64)
.244
16 (62)
10 (56)
6 (43)
.526
Frequency of tooth brushing (per day)
1 time
6 (9)
3 (9)
3 (21)
.366
6 (23)
10 (56)
6 (43)
.289
2 times
40 (60)
21 (66)
5 (36)
13 (50)
5 (28)
5 (36)
3 times
21 (31)
8 (25)
6 (43)
7 (27)
3 (17)
3 (21)
Self-rated health status
Very good
22 (33)
14 (44)
7 (50)
.704
12 (46)
8 (44)
4 (29)
.037
Good
39 (58)
15 (47)
6 (43)
14 (54)
10 (56)
7 (50)
Moderate
6 (9)
3 (9)
1 (7)
0 (0)
0 (0)
3 (21)
*Defined by the number of teeth (no teeth, less than three teeth, three or more teeth) with PD mm. Categorical variables indicate the number of subjects (%). Differences between groups were tested using a chi-square test for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. CAL: clinical attachment level (mm). BOP: bleeding on probing.
