Research Article
Prevalence of Oral Manifestations and Their Association with CD4/CD8 Ratio and HIV Viral Load in South India
Table 3
Oral manifestations in relation to CD4/CD8 ratio.
| | Oral manifestations | Group I | Group II | Group III | Total | | | | () |
| | Any oral manifestation* | 61 (88.4%) | 18 (64.3%) | 4 (66.7%) | 83 (80.6%) | | Erythematous candidiasis (EC) | 34 (49.3%) | 5 (17.9%) | 1 (16.7%) | 40 (38.8%) | | Pseudomembranous candidiasis (PC) | 7 (10.1%) | 2 (7.1%) | — | 9 (8.7%) | | Hyperpigmentation | 28 (40.6%) | 8 (28.6%) | 1 (16.7%) | 37 (35.9%) | | Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) | 14 (20.3%) | 3 (10.7%) | 1 (16.7%) | 18 (17.5%) | | Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) | 8 (11.6%) | 2 (7.1%) | — | 10 (9.7%) | | Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP) | 3 (4.3%) | — | 1 (16.7%) | 4 (3.9%) | | Linear gingival erythema (LGE) | 12 (17.4%) | 2 (7.4%) | — | 14 (13.6%) | | Xerostomia | 26 (37.7%) | 5 (17.9%) | 2 (33.3%) | 33 (32.0%) | | Angular cheilitis (AC) | 6 (8.7%) | — | — | 6 (5.8%) | | Apthous ulcers | 4 (5.7%) | 1 (3.6%) | — | 5 (4.9%) | | Exfoliative cheilitis | 2 (2.8%) | — | — | 2 (1.9%) | | Hyperplastic candidiasis | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (3.6%) | — | 2 (1.9%) | | Herpes zoster | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (3.6%) | — | 2 (1.9%) |
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*Many patients had more than one oral manifestation.
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