International Journal of Dentistry

Research Article

Dental Status and Associated Factors in a Dentate Adult Population in Bulgaria: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Table 5

(a) Odds ratios (OR) of “decayed,” “missing,” and “filled” ratios* with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the whole dentition.


	Decayed		Missing		Filled
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI

Age^†	0.981	0.972–0.989	1.108	1.087–1.13	0.978	0.967–0.989
Female^a	1.08	0.88–1.31	1.87	1.31–2.67	1.89	1.40–2.55
Capital^b	1.02	0.75–1.38	0.82	0.47–1.43	1.28	0.84–1.93
Urban centre^b	0.66	0.51–0.84	0.69	0.42–1.14	1.18	0.82–1.69
Town^b	0.83	0.65–1.07	0.89	0.51–1.56	1.45	1.04–2.02
Education high^c	0.89	0.70–1.13	0.66	0.45–0.96	1.09	0.75–1.57
Education low^c	1.31	0.77–2.21	2.23	0.29–17.39	0.35	0.22–0.57
Professionals^d	0.74	0.57–0.96	1.17	0.77–1.77	1.31	0.88–1.95
Workers^d	0.84	0.66–1.07	1.05	0.67–1.66	0.99	0.73–1.35
Retired^d	0.36	0.19–0.66	0.17	0.02–1.51	0.75	0.36–1.54
Income high^e	0.89	0.65–1.23	1.03	0.62–1.70	0.80	0.48–1.31
Income low^e	1.19	0.98–1.44	0.94	0.67–1.31	0.77	0.58–1.02
Regular visits^f	0.47	0.39–0.57	1.01	0.74–1.39	1.91	1.44–2.54
Tooth brushing^†	0.75	0.64–0.88	0.64	0.47–0.86	1.33	1.09–1.62

* Dichotomized Decayed_ratio (“decayed”/“decayed”+“missing”+“filled”), Missing_ratio (“missing”/“decayed”+“missing”+“filled”), Filled_ratio (“filled”/“decayed”+“missing”+“filled”). Cut–off points: no “decayed” teeth present versus one or more “decayed” teeth present (Decayed_ratio); no “missing” teeth versus one or more teeth “missing” (Missing_ratio); no “filled” teeth present versus one or more “filled” teeth present (Filled_ratio). ^†Age and Tooth brushing—numerical variables. References respectively: Male; Rural settlements (small towns and villages); Education middle; Occupational status intermediate; Income middle; Irregular visits. Bold figures indicate significant relationship.

(b) Odds ratios (OR) of “decayed,” “missing,” and “filled” ratios* with 95% confidence interval (CI) for anterior, premolar, and molar dental regions.


	Decayed		Missing		Filled
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI

Anterior region
Age^†	0.989	0.979–0.999	1.071	1.058–1.084	0.981	0.97–0.992
Female^a	0.83	0.65–1.06	0.74	0.57–0.96	2.42	1.86–3.14
Capital^b	0.96	0.68–1.37	0.83	0.56–1.23	1.27	0.88–1.85
Urban centre^b	0.65	0.47–0.90	0.70	0.49–1.01	1.25	0.89–1.76
Town^b	0.81	0.60–1.08	0.81	0.60–1.11	1.64	1.20–2.24
Education high^c	0.75	0.55–1.03	0.75	0.53–1.06	1.36	0.97–1.89
Education low^c	1.48	0.89–2.44	1.66	0.94–2.91	0.69	0.41–1.15
Professionals^d	0.85	0.61–1.19	0.97	0.67–1.40	1.26	0.89–1.79
Workers^d	1.10	0.82–1.45	1.19	0.88–1.61	0.83	0.62–1.11
Retired^d	0.86	0.44–1.69	1.05	0.49–2.23	0.69	0.35–1.36
Income high^e	0.77	0.50–1.21	0.97	0.59–1.59	1.06	0.67–1.69
Income low^e	0.89	0.70–1.13	1.20	0.93–1.55	1.03	0.81–1.33
Regular visits^f	0.50	0.40–0.64	0.96	0.75–1.24	1.95	1.52–2.49
Tooth brushing^†	0.77	0.64–0.92	0.72	0.59–0.87	1.31	1.09–1.58
Premolar region
Age^†	0.976	0.967–0.984	1.095	1.083–1.106	0.958	0.949–0.968
Female^a	0.87	0.71–1.07	1.03	0.82–1.30	1.44	1.14–1.81
Capital^b	1.09	0.80–1.47	0.59	0.42–0.83	1.34	0.95–1.88
Urban centre^b	0.65	0.50–0.85	0.47	0.35–0.63	1.31	0.97–1.77
Town^b	0.93	0.72–1.19	0.70	0.53–0.93	1.16	0.89–1.51
Education high^c	0.90	0.70–1.17	0.63	0.48–0.84	1.80	1.34–2.41
Education low^c	1.38	0.85–2.23	1.70	0.79–3.67	0.60	0.37–0.97
Professionals^d	0.86	0.65–1.13	1.05	0.78–1.42	1.04	0.76–1.42
Workers^d	1.07	0.84–1.36	1.31	1.00–1.72	0.98	0.76–1.27
Retired^d	0.61	0.30–1.22	0.62	0.24–1.65	0.87	0.46–1.67
Income high^e	0.81	0.57–1.14	0.99	0.68–1.43	0.80	0.54–1.17
Income low^e	0.93	0.76–1.14	1.16	0.93–1.44	1.06	0.85–1.32
Regular visits ^f	0.37	0.31–0.45	0.62	0.51–0.77	1.99	1.60–2.48
Tooth brushing^†	0.75	0.64–0.88	0.88	0.74–1.06	1.29	1.09–1.52
Molar region
Age^†	0.968	0.96–0.976	1.099	1.08–1.118	0.959	0.949–0.968
Female^a	0.93	0.77–1.12	1.92	1.37–2.69	1.33	1.05–1.68
Capital^b	1.22	0.91–1.63	0.79	0.47–1.31	1.46	1.02–2.09
Urban centre^b	0.89	0.70–1.13	0.76	0.48–1.19	1.38	1.02–1.87
Town^b	0.91	0.73–1.15	0.89	0.54–1.47	1.30	0.99–1.70
Education high^c	0.89	0.71–1.13	0.74	0.51–1.07	1.36	1.00–1.83
Education low^c	1.18	0.73–1.90	3.05	0.4–23.47	0.35	0.21–0.56
Professionals^d	0.80	0.62–1.02	1.07	0.72–1.57	1.13	0.82–1.56
Worker^d	0.83	0.66–1.04	1.13	0.74–1.72	0.95	0.74–1.24
Retired^d	0.23	0.11–0.49	0.27	0.03–2.29	0.57	0.29–1.12
Income high^e	0.92	0.67–1.25	0.86	0.54–1.37	0.79	0.52–1.19
Income low^e	1.17	0.97–1.40	0.88	0.65–1.20	0.70	0.56–0.88
Regular visit^f	0.46	0.38–0.55	0.96	0.71–1.28	1.94	1.55–2.44
Tooth brushing^†	0.82	0.71–0.95	0.75	0.57–0.98	1.16	0.98–1.38

* Dichotomized Decayed_ratio (“decayed”/“decayed”+“missing”+“filled”), Missing_ratio (“missing”/“decayed”+“missing”+“filled”), Filled_ratio (“filled”/“decayed”+“missing”+“filled”). Cut–off points: no “decayed” teeth present versus one or more “decayed” teeth present (Decayed_ratio); no “missing” teeth versus one or more teeth “missing” (Missing_ratio); no “filled” teeth present versus one or more “filled” teeth present (Filled_ratio). ^†Age and Tooth brushing—numerical variables. References () respectively: male; rural settlements (small towns and villages); education middle; occupational status intermediate; income middle; irregular visits. Bold figures indicate significant relationship.