Evaluation of Bone Healing on Sandblasted and Acid Etched Implants Coated with Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite: An In Vivo Study in Rabbit Femur

Table 1

Results from the interferometer characterization. The numbers represent the mean value of each parameter (the standard deviation is presented within parenthesis).

	Gauss filter 50 × 50 µm				Gauss filter 1 × 1 µm
	𝑆𝑎 (µm)	𝑆ds (/mm^2)	𝑆dr (%)	𝑆ci	𝑆𝑎 (nm)	𝑆ds (/mm^2)	𝑆dr (%)	𝑆ci
Control	1.08; (0.41)	1 184807; (244569)	142.5; (73.0)	1.21; (0.18)	114; (11.1)	2 055650; (106081)	74.9; (13.4)	0.95; (0.12)
Nano-HA	0.93; (0.25)	1 259841; (143100)	146.5; (46.0)	1.12; (0.25)	119; (6.9)	2 132025; (78489)	83.9; (8.9)	0.84; (0.04)

𝑆_𝑎: the arithmetic mean of the roughness area from the mean plane; 𝑆_ds: density of summits, that is, number of peaks per area unit; 𝑆_dr: the ratio between the developed surface area and a flat reference area; 𝑆_ci: core fluid retention index.