Cephalometrics of Pharyngeal Airway Space in Lebanese Adults

Table 1

Descriptive analysis of the selected cephalometric pharyngeal airway space variables in the sample population and comparison between genders. refers to statistically significant differences between genders.

Variables	Males ()	Females ()	p value	Overall ()
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD
Nasopharynx
Adenoid
PPW Ad2-PNS (mm)	23.6 ± 3.7	24.9 ± 3.4	0.070	24.4 ± 3.6
PPW Ad1-PNS (mm)	27.3 ± 3.1	28.8 ± 3.4		28.2 ± 3.3
PPW-PNS (mm)	28.8 ± 2.9	29.6 ± 3.3	0.178	29.2 ± 3.2
Oropharynx
Soft palate and retropalatal area
Uvula area (mm^2)	315.4 ± 68.5	243.4 ± 45.1	<0	272.3 ± 65.9
Uvula thickness (mm)	10.6 ± 2.4	9.0 ± 1.3	<0	9.7 ± 2.0
PNS-P (mm)	39.4 ± 4.4	36.0 ± 4.2	<0	37.4 ± 4.6
ANS-PNS-P angle (degree)	130.2 ± 6.4	132.8 ± 5.8		131.7 ± 6.1
PPW-P uvula (mm)	10.2 ± 2.7	10.7 ± 2.9	0.297	10.5 ± 2.8
PPW-uvula dorsum (mm)	11.00 ± 4.0	13.5 ± 3.8		12.5 ± 4.0
PPW-UvOp (mm)	8.8 ± 3.1	9.8 ± 3.0	0.095	9.4 ± 3.1
Retroglossal
PPW-TgOp (mm)	22.5 ± 16.3	19.4 ± 9.0	0.233	20.7 ± 12.5
PPW-GoB (mm)	6.4 ± 4.8	7.4 ± 4.6	0.300	7.0 ± 4.6
PPW-tongue base (mm)	11.9 ± 4.6	11.8 ± 4.5	0.940	11.8 ± 4.5
Eb-PNS (mm)	79.3 ± 6.5	67.0 ± 6.4	<0	72.0 ± 8.8
Tongue
Eb-TT (mm)	88.0 ± 6.3	80.9 ± 5.5	<0	83.8 ± 6.8
TgH (mm)	42.6 ± 5.2	37.0 ± 4.4	<0	39.2 ± 5.4
Eb-Tg dorsum (mm)	73.7 ± 9.3	64.7 ± 6.5	<0	68.3 ± 8.9
TgH dorsum (mm)	44.5 ± 5.4	37.9 ± 4.9	<0	40.6 ± 6.0
Hypopharynx
Epiglottis
PPW-Eb (mm)	22.6 ± 9.4	18.5 ± 4.2		20.2 ± 7.1