Review Article
Peripheral Exophytic Oral Lesions: A Clinical Decision Tree
Table 4
General characteristics of rough-surfaced oral exophytic lesions.
| Entity | Age | Gender | Site of involvement | Surface texture | Type of base | Consistency | Color | Size | Symptom & sign | Treatment | Recurrence |
| Squamous papilloma | 30–50 years | No sex predilection | Palate & tongue | Verrucous/granular/ papillomatous | Pedunculated/sessile | Soft to firm | White/slightly red/normal | Maximum 5 mm | — | Surgical excision/electrocautery/ cryosurgery/intralesional interferon | Uncommon except for patients with HIV infection | Verruca vulgaris | 12–16 years | — | Vermilion border/labial mucosa | Verrucous/ papillomatous/ Pebbly | Sessile/pedunculated | Soft to firm | Pink/yellowish/ white | Few mm | Asymptomatic | Conservative surgical excision | Low | Verrucous carcinoma | >6th decade | Male | Vestibular mucosa | Verrucous | — | Firm | White to normal | Up to several cm | Asymptomatic | Wide surgical excision/ radiotherapy/ chemotherapy | — | Squamous cell carcinoma | 62 years | Male | Tongue | Verrucous | — | Firm to hard | White/pink/red | Up to several cm | Painless/moth-eaten radiolucency | Wide surgical excision/radiotherapy | 33% | Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia | Childhood | Female | Labial and buccal mucosa | Cobblestone | — | Soft to firm | White to normal | Up to several cm | Nontender | Surgery/laser/ cryosurgery/ electrosurgery | Minimum |
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