Interleukin-1 Gene Variability and Plasma Levels in Czech Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus
Table 1
Demographic data of the studied subjects with CP, T1DM (and T1DM + CP subgroup), T2DM (and T2DM + CP subgroup), and healthy controls.
Characteristics
Controls ()
CP ()
T1DM ()
T1DM + CP ()
T2DM ()
T2DM + CP ()
Age (mean years ± SD)
53.9 ± 11.0
56.1 ± 8.2
45.8 ± 14.2
49.4 ± 10.9
67.5 ± 10.6
67.3 ± 10.0
Gender (males/females)
114/111
122/142
68/64
16/22
200/195
45/44
Smoking (no/yes, %)
72.9/27.1
71.6/28.4
—
76.3/23.7
—
87.7/12.3
BMI (mean ± SD)
23.2 ± 4.6
26.8 ± 4.0
24.5 ± 6.1
25.3 ± 3.1
28.6 ± 10.0
30.3 ± 6.2
Duration of DM (mean years ± SD)
n.a.
n.a.
21.5 ± 9.8
24.0 ± 10.7
15.1 ± 8.8
11.0 ± 8.7
HbA1c (mmol/mol, mean ± SD)
n.a.
n.a.
77.1 ± 17.3
69.8 ± 11.8
72.6 ± 23.9
58.0 ± 15.6
DN (no/yes, %)
n.a.
n.a.
43.6/56.4
71.0/29.0
7.6/92.4
80.2/19.8
DR (no/yes, %)
n.a.
n.a.
24.7/75.3
40.6/59.4
52.9/47.1
92.4/7.6
DPN (no/yes, %)
n.a.
n.a.
36.7/63.3
47.1/52.9
49.3/50.7
84.4/15.6
CP = chronic periodontitis; = number of subjects; SD = standard deviation; T1DM = type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI = body mass index; DN = diabetic nephropathy; DPN = diabetic peripheral neuropathy; DR = diabetic retinopathy; HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin; — = unknown in diabetic patients without CP; n.a. = nonapplicable. in comparison to healthy controls (evaluated by the Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA test).
