Time-Dependent Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles as Final Irrigation on the Apical Sealing Ability and Push-Out Bond Strength of Root Canal Obturation

Table 3

Percentage of failure modes following the pushout bond strength test between obturation material and root canal dentin.

Final irrigation	Application time (min)	Adhesive (%)	Cohesive (%)	Mixed (%)
17% EDTA	1	42.86	42.86	14.28
	3	28.57	71.43	0
0.5% chitosan nanoparticle	1	14.28	42.86	42.86
	3	0	85.72	14.28
Total		17.86	60.71	21.43