The Effect of Smoking on Salivary Calcium Levels, Calcium Intake, and Bleeding on Probing in Female

Table 1

Basic characteristics of study subjects.

	Female smokers (n = 26)		Control (n = 37)		value
	Total	Percentage (%)	Total	Percentage (%)
Age (years)					≤0.001
18–35 (young adult)	4	15.4	27	73
36–55 (middle aged)	21	80.8	10	27
>55 (older adult)	1	3.8	0	0
Body mass index (BMI)					0.005
<18.5	1	3.8	5	13.5
18.5–24.9	5	19.2	19	51.4
≥25	20	76.9	13	35.1
Level of education					≤0.001
Primary	21	80.8	6	16.2
Secondary	5	19.2	16	43.2
Postsecondary	0	0	15	40.5
Occupation					0.001
Housewife	20	76.9	11	29.7
Civil servant	0	0.0	1	2.7
Private employee	2	7.7	2	5.4
Entrepreneur	4	15.4	2	5.4
Professional	0	0	9	24.3
Student	0	0	11	29.7
Unemployed	0	0	1	2.7

Statistically significant ( value <0.05) according to the chi-square test.