| | Material | Company | Composition | pH (mean ± sd) |
| | Fluoride varnish (FV) | Duraphat®, Colgate Palmolive Co., Guildford, UK | 2.26% Sodium fluoride, ethanol, colophonium, matrix, shellac, wax, saccharine, flavor | 7.0 |
| | Nano-HA toothpaste (NHT) | Apagard®, Sangi Co., Tokyo, Japan | Water, dental-grade dibasic calcium phosphate, concentrated glycerin, medical hydroxyapatite, Macrogol 400, β-glycyrrhetinic acid, cetylpyridinium chloride, silicic silicate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC), flavor, hydrolyzed conchiolin solution, saccharin sodium, trimagnesium phosphate, alkyldiaminoethylglycine hydrochloride solution | 5.83 ± 0.03 |
| | 20% Nano-HA gel (20% NHG) | Pediatric Dentistry and Biomaterials Research, KKU | Nano-HA powder, deionized water, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) | 9.86 ± 0.06 |
| | 30% Nano-HA gel (30% NHG) | Pediatric Dentistry and Biomaterials Research, KKU | Nano-HA powder, deionized water, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) | 9.57 ± 0.02 |
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