An In Vitro Pilot Study on the Effects of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Periodontal Pathogens and Three-Dimensional Scaffolds of Human Fibroblasts and Epithelial Cells

Figure 4

Histological examination of H&E stained HSE constructs. The following annotation abbreviations are used: acellular collagen (AC), cellular collagen (CC), connective tissue (CT), basal layer (B), spinosum (S), granular (G), keratin (K). (a): Untreated construct. (b) 12 hours: intact epithelium noted, with the exception of the superficial layers of the stratum corneum. (c) 24 hours: Epithelial layer of the 24-hour sample was lost during processing leaving only the connective tissue and underlying collage portion. (d) 3 days: Epithelium has lifted with contracted stratum corneum with largely unaffected connective tissue. (e) 5 days: Stratum granulosum is very spread out with intact stratum basale. Connective tissue also looks unaffected. (f) 10 days: Epithelium has also lifted away from connective tissue and appears very deformed and nearly indistinguishable between various epithelial layers with change in morphology. Connective tissue appears unaffected. (Scale bar = 50 μm).