Effect of Sodium Ascorbate, Grape Seed Extract, and Aloe Vera Application after In-Office Bleaching on the Bond Strength of Enamel: A 3-Year Evaluation
Table 2
Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) values (means ± standard deviations) of the different experimental groups.
Experimental groups
Restauration moment
Storage time
24 hr
3 years
Control (without bleaching)
Immediately
28.0 ± 2.8
31.4 ± 4.3
After bleaching (without antioxidants)
Immediately
22.5 ± 3.5d ≠
27.9 ± 3.0b =
7 days after bleaching
23.5 ± 1.3d ≠
30.3 ± 5.9ab =
14 days after bleaching
32.6 ± 3.2a =
31.0 ± 4.3ab =
After bleaching + sodium ascorbate 10%
Immediately
27.6 ± 2.6b =
28.1 ± 2.7b =
7 days after bleaching
27.2 ± 2.9bc =
30.0 ± 5.7ab =
14 days after bleaching
31.6 ± 1.6ab =
31.0 ± 4.3ab =
After bleaching + Aloe vera
Immediately
20.1 ± 1.7d ≠
27.8 ± 5.0b =
7 days after bleaching
27.7 ± 2.3bc =
31.7 ± 1.4ab =
14 days after bleaching
30.2 ± 4.5b =
31.8 ± 4.2ab =
After bleaching + grape seed extract
Immediately
21.8 ± 1.6d ≠
31.9 ± 4.4ab =
7 days after bleaching
27.8 ± 1.3b =
34.6 ± 4.4a ≠
14 days after bleaching
29.6 ± 1.6b =
31.3 ± 5.1ab =
() Similar letters mean statistically similar groups (3-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey test; ). The symbol ( = ) means similarity and the symbol (≠) difference compared to the control group for each time (Dunnett’s post hoc test, ). ( ) No significant difference was observed when the 24 hr control group was compared with the 3-year control group (t-test, ).