Evaluation of the Effect of Nanographene Oxide on Microleakage of Conventional and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer

Table 2

Mean ± SD of microleakage in CGIC subgroups.

Groups	Occlusal mean ± SD	Gingival mean ± SD	P-value
CGIC (control)	1.5 ± 0.70^a	2.9 ± 0.31^a	0.001
CGIC + 1% nGO	1.0 ± 0.66^a	1.7 ± 1.15^b	0.132
CGIC + 2% nGO	1.3 ± 0.67^a	2.4 ± 0.51^ab	0.002
P-value	0.326	0.011

Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test. In each column, mean values with at least the same letter were not statistically significant (Dunn’s test). CGIC, conventional glass ionomer cement; nGO, nanographene oxide.