Modeling and Analysis of Integrated Pest Control Strategies via Impulsive Differential Equations

Figure 4

Numerical continuation of the periodic response of system (14) with respect to and , computed for impulse period . (a) Along this curve, the auxiliary boundary condition (13) is used to keep constant (economic threshold). (b) depicts the same result, but in this case the control effort, computed as the modulus of the vector , is monitored. In this picture, the optimal operation point is defined as the parameter values for which the control effort is minimum. (c)–(f) present solutions of the system for different combinations of and .