Research Article
Gender Differences in the Association between Sleep Duration and Body Composition: The Cardia Study
Table 2
Participant characteristics by gender and race.
| | Characteristic | White men () | Black men () | White women () | Black women |
| | Mean (sd) | Mean (sd) | Mean (sd) | Mean (sd) |
| | Age (years) | 40.67 (3.36) | 39.47 | 40.79 (3.36) | 39.67 | | Weight (lbs) | 193.95 (34.21) | 199.85 | 158.0 (35.20) | 183.14 | | BMI (kg/m2) | 27.65 (4.34) | 28.59 | 26.23 (5.57) | 30.66 | | Waist circumference (cm) | 93.67 (11.59) | 92.88 (12.55) | 80.76 (12.85) | 88.74 | | Body fat | 26.88 (6.26) | 24.40 | 38.25 (9.70) | 43.81 | | Education level (years) | 15.69 (2.66) | 13.71 | 15.82 (2.40) | 14.09 | | Alcohol intake (drinks/wk) | 4.92 (6.20) | 4.69 (6.91) | 3.16 (4.84) | 1.90 | | Sleep duration (h/night) | 6.65 (1.00) | 6.26 | 6.84 (1.09) | 6.28 | | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | | Family income | | | | | | $5000-$24 999 | 61 (6.8) | 145 | 75 (7.9) | 246 | | $25 000-$74 999 | 361 (40.3) | 345 (51.7) | 431 (45.0) | 478 (52.6) | | $75 000- ≥ $100 000 | 474 (52.9) | 178 (26.7) | 450 (47.1) | 186 (20.3) | | Full-time work | | | | | | Yes | 801 (89.3) | 539 | 559 (58.1) | 695 | | No | 96 (10.7) | 146 (21.3) | 403 (41.9) | 226 (24.5) | | Difficulty paying for basics | | | | | | Very hard | 12 (1.3) | 20 | 20 (2.1) | 40 | | Hard | 13 (1.5) | 24 (3.5) | 28 (2.9) | 35 (3.8) | | Somewhat hard | 84 (9.4) | 99 (14.5) | 108 (11.2) | 176 (19.2) | | Not very hard | 787 (87.8) | 541 (79.1) | 806 (83.8) | 667 (72.6) | | Physical activity | | | | | | Inactive | 34 (3.8) | 25 | 47 (4.9) | 94 | | 144 (16.1) | 69 (10.0) | 177 (18.4) | 184 (20.0) | | Moderately active | 391 (43.7) | 298 (43.3) | 419 (43.6) | 430 (46.7) | | 205 (22.9) | 125 (18.2) | 191 (19.9) | 100 (10.9) | | Very active | 120 (13.5) | 171 (24.9) | 127 (13.2) | 112 (12.2) | | Current smoking | | | | | | Yes | 155 (17.3) | 228 | 150 (15.6) | 233 | | No | 741 (82.7) | 458 (66.7) | 811 (84.4) | 691 (74.8) | | Sleep quality | | | | | | Very bad | | 19 (2.8) | 12 (1.3) | 24 (2.6) | | Fairly bad | 127 (14.2) | 70 (10.2) | 138 (14.4) | 150 (16.3) | | good | 268 (30.0) | 241 (35.1) | 289 (30.1) | 296 (32.2) | | Fairly good | 319 (35.7) | 219 (31.9) | 326 (34.0) | 287 (31.3) | | Very good | 174 (19.5) | 137 (20.0) | 195 (20.2) | 161 (17.6) |
|
|
for comparison between race, within gender category.
|
