Clinical Study
Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Large Population of Women Living in Spain: Implications for Preventative Strategies
Table 1
Demographic and anthropomorphic characteristics of the 2194 women enrolled in the study, according to diagnosis of GDM.
| | Ethnicity | | GDM | | | NO | Yes | | Mean | SD | | Mean | SD | value |
| | Caucasian Spanish | Age (years) | 1068 | 32.7 | 5.0 | 134 | 35.0 | 4.3 | 0.000 | | Pregestational body weight (kg) | | 60.9 | 10.5 | | 68.5 | 14.7 | 0.000 | | Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 22.7 | 3.7 | | 25.7 | 5.2 | 0.000 | | Gestational body weight (kg) | | 65.8 | 10.6 | | 71.4 | 14.8 | 0.000 | | Gestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 24.6 | 3.7 | | 26.9 | 5.0 | 0.000 |
| | Caucasian non-spanish | Age (years) | 121 | 29.0 | 5.1 | 13 | 30.5 | 4.6 | 0.264 | | Pregestational body weight (kg) | | 60.8 | 10.3 | | 73.5 | 23.2 | 0.038 | | Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 22.4 | 3.5 | | 27.9 | 8.1 | 0.016 | | Gestational body weight (kg) | | 67.2 | 12.6 | | 72.7 | 13.3 | 0.114 | | Gestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 24.5 | 4.5 | | 27.9 | 5.0 | 0.041 |
| | Hispanic | Age (years) | 692 | 29.1 | 5.9 | 54 | 34.0 | 4.8 | 0.000 | | Pregestational body weight (kg) | | 61.3 | 12.3 | | 68.8 | 12.4 | 0.000 | | Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 24.3 | 4.8 | | 27.6 | 4.9 | 0.000 | | Gestational body weight (kg) | | 66.5 | 12.0 | | 70.0 | 11.1 | 0.014 | | Gestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 26.3 | 4.6 | | 28.4 | 4.1 | 0.001 |
| | African | Age (years) | 42 | 29.4 | 5.7 | 8 | 34.0 | 5.5 | 0.053 | | Pregestational body weight (kg) | | 67.1 | 11.6 | | 63.6 | 8.0 | 0.436 | | Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 25.7 | 3.4 | | 24.1 | 2.1 | 0.324 | | Gestational body weight (kg) | | 70.5 | 12.1 | | 69.5 | 8.2 | 0.900 | | Gestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 26.8 | 3.8 | | 26.0 | 2.2 | 0.559 |
| | Asian | Age (years) | 28 | 28.2 | 5.9 | 2 | 31.5 | 0.7 | 0.588 | | Pregestational body weight (kg) | | 52.5 | 7.7 | | · | · | — | | Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 19.9 | 2.5 | | · | · | — | | Gestational body weight (kg) | | 59.1 | 8.1 | | 52.5 | 3.5 | 0.193 | | Gestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 22.5 | 2.3 | | 22.9 | · | 0.931 |
| | Other | Age (years) | 30 | 29.4 | 7.0 | 2 | 31.0 | 8.5 | 0.700 | | Pregestational body weight (kg) | | 58.2 | 8.1 | | · | · | — | | Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 21.6 | 2.1 | | · | · | — | | Gestational body weight (kg) | | 65.8 | 10.6 | | · | · | — | | Gestational BMI (kg/m2) | | 25.0 | 3.7 | | · | · | — |
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