Review Article
Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Markers of Cardiovascular Risk
Table 1
Markers of increased CVD risk in normoglycemic women with GDM or pGDM.
| Authors | Number of subjects | Months/years postpartum | Markers of CVD risk |
| Kousta et al., 2003 [45] | 78 | 3 years | ↑ Insulin resistance ↑ lipidemia | Anastasiou et al., 1998 [46] | 68 | 3–6 months | ↓ FMD | Hu et al., 1998 [47] | 37 | 2–4 years | ↓ Acetylcholine induced vasodilatation | Knock et al., 1997 [48] | 32 | During cesarean section | ↑ Vascular pathology, vessel myography | Paradisi et al., 2002 [49] | 38 | During GDM pregnancy | ↓ FMD | Heitritter et al., 2005 [50] | 48 | 1 year | ↓ Adiponectin | Winzer et al., 2004 [51] | 108 | 3 months | ↓ Adiponectin | Bo et al., 2007 [52] | 195 | 6-7 years | ↑ E-selectin ↑ ICAM-1 ↑ IMT | Thomaseth et al., 1997 [53] | 10 | 1 year | ↑ E-selectin ↑ VCAM-1 | Lawrence et al., 2002 [54] | 265 | recent GDM | E-selectin | Kautzky-Willer et al., 1997 [55] | 41 | 3 months | ↑ E-selectin ↑ VCAM-1 | Shah et al., 2008 [56] | 89.500 | p GDM | ↑ CVD events | Akinci et al., 2008 [57] | 76 | p GDM | ↑ OPG ↑ IMT | Akinci et al., 2011 [58] | 195 | 3 years | ↑ OPG | Banerjee et al., 2011 [59] | 29 | 2 years | ↑ Vascular pathology, vessel myography | Farhan et al., 2006 [60] | 70 | recent GDM | ↑ PAI-1 | Madarász et al., 2009 [61] | 107 | 4 years | ↑ CVD risk factors, disturbed carbohydrate metabolism |
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