Markers of Sleep Disordered Breathing and Diabetes Mellitus in a Multiethnic Sample of US Adults: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2008)

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study population*.

Characteristics	Diabetes absent (𝑛=5685)	Diabetes present (𝑛=837)	𝑃-value
Women (%)	2782 (50.6)	398 (50.1)	0.454
Age (years)	43.7±0.4	55.4±0.6	<0.0001
Race/Ethnicity (%)			0.0002
Non-Hispanic Whites	2898 (73.5)	321 (63.0)
Non-Hispanic Blacks	1085 (9.4)	238 (16.8)
Mexican Americans	1021 (7.8)	185 (9.7)
Others	681 (9.3)	93 (10.4)
Education categories (%)			<0.0001
Below high school	1409 (16.1)	335 (24.8)
High school	1391 (24.3)	197 (26.5)
Above high school	2885 (59.5)	305 (48.7)
Smoking (%)			0.184
Never smoker	3045 (52.9)	428 (52.1)
Former smoker	1284 (22.9)	263 (31.0)
Current smoker	1356 (24.2)	146 (16.9)
Current drinker (%)	4056 (76.3)	406 (54.0)	<0.0001
Moderate physical activity (%)	2741 (54.9)	286 (39.0)	<0.0001
Body mass index (%)			<0.0001
Normal weight	1869 (35.2)	114 (12.1)
Overweight	2036 (34.6)	242 (26.3)
Obese	1780 (30.1)	481 (61.6)
Depression (%)	207 (3.1)	52 (6.4)	0.002
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	119.7±0.3	129.3±0.8	<0.0001
C-reactive protein (mg/dL)	0.4±0.01	0.6±0.04	<0.0001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	200.7±0.8	194.2±2.1	0.03

*Data presented are number (percentages) or mean values ± standard error (SE), as appropriate for the variable.