Arginine 16 Glycine Polymorphism in β2-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Is Associated with Obesity, Hyperlipidemia, Hyperleptinemia, and Insulin Resistance in Saudis

Table 3

Distribution of the genotypes, allele frequencies, and odd ratio of the β2 Arg16Gly polymorphism in total control, overweight, and obese subjects, separately in males and females.

Group	No.	Genotype frequency*				Allele frequency**
		Arg∖Arg	Arg∖Gly	Gly∖Gly	𝜒^2/𝑃	Arg	Gly	𝜒^2/𝑃
Males
Obese	46	25 (54.3)	9 (19.56)	12 (26.1)	3.82/0.43	59	33	5.02/0.08
Overweight	28	14 (50)	7 (25)	7 (25)		35	21
Control	35	25 (71.4)	5 (14.28)	5 (14.28)		55	15
Females
Obese	100	51 (51)	20 (20)	29 (29)	12.7/0.013	122	78	17.4/<0.0001
Overweight	40	20 (50)	10 (25)	10 (25)		50	30
Control	80	56 (70)	17 (21.25)	7 (8.78)		129	31
Total group
Obese	146	76 (50.1)	29 (19.9)	41 (28.1)	15.5/0.002	181	111	22.1/<0.0001
Overweight	68	34 (50)	17 (25)	17 (25)		85	51
Control	115	81 (70.4)	22 (19.1)	12 (10.4)		184	46

∗For genotype frequency:
 odds ratio (95% CI) control versus OW: 3.38 (1.456, 7.822);
 odds ratio (95% CI) control versus Obese: 2.441 (0.667, 2.971);
 P value for odds ratio in control versus overweight and control versus obese: P = 0.0001;
 *statistically significant difference between the three groups (obese, overweight and normal);
**For allele frequency:
 odds ratio (95% CI) control versus OW: 0.60 (0.46, 0.78) (P = 0.02);
 odds ratio (95% CI) control versus obese: 0.70 (0.60, 0.810) (P = 0.001);
 *allele frequency differs significantly in the different groups (P < 0.0001).
 M: male; F: female; T: total; OW: overweight; CI: confidence interval.