Hormonal Modulation in Aging Patients with Erectile Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome

Table 2

Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis response to metabolic syndrome (MetS).

	Participants with MetS	𝑃^∗	Participants without MetS	𝑃^∗
Without hypogonadism
Raised LH levels, 𝑛 (%)
Yes	6.0 (10.7)	0.903	3.0 (5.2)	0.909
No	50.0 (89.3)		55 (94.8)
With hypogonadism
Raised LH levels, 𝑛 (%)
Yes	2.0 (11.8)	0.903	1.0 (5.9)	0.909
No	15.0 (88.2)		16.0 (94.1)

∗Participants with raised LH levels versus participants without raised LH levels.
LH levels were considered normal from 1.7 to 8.6 mUI/mL. Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis was considered to be disrupted when the LH levels were not raised in individuals with hypogonadism.