Effects of Age and Sex on Estimated Diabetes Prevalence Using Different Diagnostic Criteria: The Tromsø OGTT Study

Table 3

Characteristics of subjects with diabetes detected by OGTT only, HbA_1c only, and both, and by OGTT components (FPG and isolated 2hPG) in the Tromsø OGTT Study.

	Subjects without diabetes	All subjects with diabetes	Subjects with diabetes detected by			Subjects with diabetes detected by OGTT regardless of HbA1c
			HbA1c only	OGTT only	Both HbA1c and OGTT	Raised FPG (regardless of 2hPG)	Isolated raised 2hPG
𝑁	3182	294	95	130	69	119	80
Women (%)	49.9	44.6	44.2	44.6	44.9	36.1^†	57.5
Age (years)	60.7±10.3	64.5±8.6	63.7±10.0	64.7±7.4	65.3±8.8	64.0±8.6^†	66.3±6.6
BMI (kg/m^2)	27.7±4.3	29.7±5.2	29.2±6.0	29.5±4.5	30.9±5.1	30.6±4.9^†	29.1±4.4
Smokers (%)	23.4	23.5	28.4	19.2	24.6	19.3	23.8
SBP (mmHg)	139±22	147±24	140±22 *	150±22	151±28	150±25	151±23
PAS (hours/week)	0.94 (0.0, 4.5)	0.38 (0.0, 4.5)	0.94 (0.0, 4.5)*	0.38 (0.0, 4.5)	0.38 (0.0, 3.0)	0.38 (0.0, 4.5)	0.19 (0.0, 4.5)
HbA1c (%)	5.9±0.3	6.4±0.3	6.6±0.1 *	6.1±0.2	6.7±0.3	6.4±0.4^†	6.2±0.3
FPG (mmol/L)	5.5±0.5	6.6±0.96	6.0±0.6 *	6.7±0.9	7.4±0.9	7.5±0.7^†	6.1±0.6
2hPG (mmol/L)	5.6±1.7	9.8±3.3	7.0±2.1 *	11.1±2.8	11.2±3.3	10.2±3.4^†	12.5±1.3
HOMA-IR	2.18±1.65	4.18±3.56	3.38±2.79 *	4.34±4.05	4.96±3.31	5.34±4.51^†	3.38±1.97
QUICKI	0.35±0.04	0.33±0.04	0.34±0.06 *	0.32±0.03	0.31±0.03	0.31±0.03^†	0.33±0.04
ISI0.120	4.77±1.25	4.01±1.27	4.42±1.61 *	3.87±1.07	3.71±0.92	3.72±0.94	3.96±1.12
TG (mmol/L)	1.32±0.81	1.64±0.94	1.34±0.59 *	1.80±1.16	1.78±0.75	1.76±0.90	1.84±1.21

Data are means ± SD or median (5, 95 percentile). Logistic regression was used for categorical variables and univariate analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc adjustment or Mann-Whitney 𝑈 test for continuous variables. ^*𝑃<0.05 as compared to OGTT only. ^†𝑃<0.05 as compared to isolated raised 2hPG. Abbreviations: Haemoglobin A_1c: HbA_1c; oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT; fasting plasma glucose, FPG; 2-hour plasma glucose: 2hPG; systolic blood pressure: SBP; physical activity score: PAS; homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance: HOMA-IR; quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index: QUICKI; insulin sensitivity index, ISI_0.120; triglycerides, TG.