Gram-Negative Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Stimulates Activin A Secretion from Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells

Figure 2

Dose-dependent effects of LPS on activin A secretion in three independent experiments. Fetal membranes were obtained from three patients, and AEC from each patient were cultured independently at a density of 20,000 cells per well in DME/Ham’s 12 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, 0.5 μg/mL amphotericin B, and various concentrations of LPS for 96 h. Each independent result is shown in panels (a), (b), and (c). The results are shown as the mean ± SE (𝑛=4). ^#𝑃<0.05 compared with the control (LPS; 0 ng/mL) value. ^∗𝑃<0.01 compared with the control (LPS; 0 ng/mL) value.

(a)

(b)

(c)