Clinical Study
Factors Associated with Utilization of Dipeptidyl-4 Inhibitors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study
Table 6
Parameters not significantly associated with the use of DPP-4 inhibitors.
| Patient characteristic | Number of patients (percentage, %) | value | Sitagliptin () | Vildagliptin () |
| Gender | | | | Male | 111 (43.2%) | 22 (52.4%) | 0.345a | Female | 146 (56.8%) | 20 (47.6%) | Ethnicity | | | | Malay | 85 (33.1%) | 14 (33.3%) | 0.345a | Chinese | 85 (33.1%) | 18 (42.9%) | Indian | 87 (33.9%) | 10 (23.8%) | BMI | | | | Underweight | 0 (0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0.160a | Normal weight | 28 (14.4%) | 2 (8.0%) | Overweight | 87 (44.6%) | 12 (48.0%) | Obese | 80 (41.0%) | 10 (40.0%) | Duration since the diagnosis of T2DM | | | | ≤10 years | 58 (29.6%) | 9 (37.5%) | 0.661a | 11–20 years | 88 (44.9%) | 10 (41.7%) | 21–30 years | 41 (20.9%) | 5 (20.8%) | >30 years | 9 (4.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | A1c | | | | <6.5% | 25 (10.7%) | 4 (12.5%) | 0.762b | ≥6.5% | 209 (89.3%) | 28 (87.5%) | Polypharmacy | | | | <5 drugs | 38 (14.8%) | 6 (13.3%) | 1.000a | ≥5 drugs | 219 (85.2%) | 36 (86.7%) | Renal impairment | 70 (27.2%) | 8 (19.0%) | 0.352a | Hepatic impairment | 6 (2.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000b | Heart disease | 77 (29.9%) | 9 (21.4%) | 0.343a | Obesity | 77 (29.9%) | 9 (21.4%) | 0.343a | Hypertension | 219 (85.2%) | 32 (76.19%) | 0.211a | Hyperlipidemia | 180 (70.0%) | 30 (71.4%) | 1.000a | Metformin | 188 (73.1%) | 36 (85.7%) | 0.121a | Sulphonylurea | 179 (69.6%) | 30 (71.4%) | 0.959a | Acarbose | 34 (13.2%) | 7 (16.6%) | 0.720a | Thiazolidinedione | 1 (0.39%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000b | Meglitinides | 1 (0.39%) | 1 (2.3%) | 0.262b | Insulin | 65 (25.3%) | 5 (11.9%) | 0.089a | ACE inhibitor | 88 (34.2%) | 19 (45.2%) | 0.228a | ARB | 95 (36.9%) | 11 (26.1%) | 0.238a | CCB | 111 (43.2%) | 19 (45.2%) | 0.936a | Thiazide | 74 (28.8%) | 9 (21.4%) | 0.422a | Loop diuretics | 31 (12.0%) | 2 (4.7%) | 0.194b | Spironolactone | 7 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0.599b | Statin | 215 (83.6%) | 36 (85.7%) | 0.912a | Fibrates | 27 (10.5%) | 4 (9.5%) | 1.000b |
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By Pearson chi square.
bBy Fisher’s exact test.
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