Sperm analysis (optical microscopy) | NP | NP | NP | NP | Low viscosity, rare spz (some motile) | High viscosity, rare spz (all immotile) | Normal viscosity, rare spz (some motile) | NP | NP | NP |
Surgical procedures | Orthophalloplasty (11 mo); hypospadias correction (4 surgeries between 1 and 2 y) | Orchidopexy + hypospadias correction (2 y 8 mo) | Orchidopexy (3 y 3 mo); hypospadias correction (7 y); fistula correction (12, 13, 14, and 18 y) | Hypospadias correction (1 y 7 mo); fistula correction (2 y 8 mo and 2 y 9 mo) | Hypospadias correction (1 y 4 mo); fistula correction (4 y and 5 y) | Hypospadias correction (8 y 8 mo); fistula correction (9 and 12 y) | Orchidopexy (5 y) | Orchidopexy + orthophalloplasty (2 y 5 mo); fistula correction (3, 4, and 14 y) | Orchidopexy + hypospadias correction (2 y 2 m); fistula correction (5 and 9 y) | Inguinal hernia correction + orchidopexy (3 m); hypospadias correction (4 y) |