Circulating Fractalkine Levels Predict the Development of the Metabolic Syndrome
Table 3
Association of baseline fractalkine concentrations with metabolic parameters at year 2 ().
Variables
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
for trend
≤0.28 ng/mL
0.28–0.43 ng/mL
0.43–0.64 ng/mL
0.64 ng/mL
(case/control)
115
114
115
115
Fractalkine (ng/mL)
0.18 (0.10–0.23)
0.35 (0.30–0.40)
0.51 (0.48–0.57)
0.71 (0.66–0.78)
<0.001
Age (years)
<0.001
Male, (%)
39 (35.4)
42 (37.8)
44 (38.9)
45 (39.8)
0.855
Education
0.992
Less than high school
11 (9.7)
11 (9.9)
11 (9.7)
13 (11.5)
High school
86 (76.1)
83 (74.8)
88 (77.9)
83 (73.5)
More than high school
16 (14.2)
17 (15.3)
14 (12.4)
17 (15.0)
Current smoker, (%)
24 (21.2)
24 (21.6)
22 (19.5)
29 (25.7)
0.717
Alcohol drinker, (%)
15 (13.3)
24 (21.6)
25 (22.1)
29 (25.7)
0.127
MetS, (%)
6 (6.6)
14 (12.6)
31 (27.4)
40 (35.4)
<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)
0.001
WC (cm)
<0.001
WHR
<0.001
Fat% (%)
0.006
SBP (mm Hg)
0.117
DBP (mm Hg)
0.069
FPG (mmol/L)
5.00 (4.70–5.20)
5.10 (4.90–5.45)
5.10 (4.80–5.50)
5.30 (5.00–5.85)
<0.001
2 h PG (mmol/L)
5.50 (4.30–6.50)
5.60 (4.65–6.60)
5.80 (5.00–7.00)
5.90 (5.10–7.95)
<0.001
FINS (U/mL)
5.83 (4.20–9.28)
7.89 (5.90–9.91)
8.44 (5.86–11.25)
8.30 (5.94–11.48)
<0.001
2 h INS (U/mL)
27.62 (16.32–47.32)
33.52 (20.67–49.04)
39.60 (22.25–61.16)
36.55 (23.53–65.52)
0.002
HOMA-IR
1.27 (0.85–2.08)
1.78 (1.36–2.30)
1.93 (1.31–2.68)
2.08 (1.39–2.73)
<0.001
HbA1c (%)
0.060
TC (mmol/L)
4.80 (4.20–5.60)
5.05 (4.20–5.80)
5.00 (4.70–5.60)
5.30 (4.70–5.80)
0.013
LDL-c (mmol/L)
0.137
HDL-c (mmol/L)
0.035
TG (mmol/L)
1.00 (0.80–1.40)
1.15 (0.90–1.73)
1.40 (1.00–1.85)
1.60 (1.10–2.10)
<0.001
Variables with normal distributions are presented as mean ± SD; skewed variables are presented as the median value (interquartile range) [M (IQR)]. The chi-squared test was used for categorical values and ANOVA test for continuous values. Abbreviations as in Table 1.