Selenium Supplementation for Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of included randomized controlled trials.

Study	Sample size	Median (range) age (years)		Sex (M/F)		Intervention		Main outcome measures	Therapy period	Jadad scores
	Case/control	Case	Control	Case	Control	Case	Control
Balázs [15]	70/62	41.4 ± 9.5	42.7 ± 8.3	2/68	1/61	L-Seleno-methionine; 200 μg/d	Levothyroxine	TPOAb, TgAb, TSH, FT4, FT3, urinary iodine	12 months	4
Karanikas et al. [12]	18/18	47 (19–85)		0/18	0/18	Sodium selenite; 200 μg/d	Placebo	TPOAb, TSH, FT4, FT3, plasma Se	3 months	2
Duntas et al. [16]	34/31	47.8 (22–61)		9/56		L-Thyroxine plus selenomethionine; 200 μg/d	L-Thyroxine plus placebo	TPOAb, TgAb, TSH, FT4, FT3, serum Se	3, 6 months	2
Turker et al. [14]	48/40	40.8 ± 12.5	39.2 ± 14.4	0/48	0/40	L-Thyroxine plus; L-selenomethionine; 200 μg/d	L-Thyroxine plus placebo	TPOAb, TgAb, TSH, FT4, FT3	3 months	2
Deng et al. [17]	48/46	39 ± 12	40 ± 12	7/41	6/40	Selenious yeast tablet; 200 μg/d	Placebo	TPOAb, TgAb, TSH, FT4, FT3	6 months	2
Zhu et al. [18]	50/46	42.1 ± 13.6	43.4 ± 12.9	9/41	7/39	Methimazole plus selenious yeast capsule; 200 μg/d	Methimazole	TPOAb, TgAb, TRAb; TSH, FT4, FT3	12 months	2
Zhang et al. [19]	46/20	36.3 ± 11.1	39.3 ± 13.1	4/41	1/19	L-Thyroxine plus selenious yeast tablet; 200 μg/d	L-Thyroxine	TPOAb, TgAb, TSH, FT4, FT3	3 months	2
Yan et al. [20]	59/55	43.8 ± 12.7	40.3 ± 11.2	8/51	6/49	L-Thyroxine plus selenomethionine; 200 μg/d	L-Thyroxine	TPOAb, TgAb, TSH, FT4, FT3	3 months	2
Shou et al. [21]	46/50	NM	NM	NM	NM	Sodium selenite; 200 μg/d	No medication	TPOAb, TgAb, TSH, FT4, FT3	6 months	2

TPOAb, thyroid peroxidase autoantibody; TgAb, thyroglobulin antibody; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; FT3, free triiodothyronine; FT4, free thyroxine.