The Importance of the Prenyl Group in the Activities of Osthole in Enhancing Bone Formation and Inhibiting Bone Resorption In Vitro
Figure 2
Morphology of cultured rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs), rat calverial osteoblasts (ROB), and rabbit osteoclasts (OC). Appearances of rBMSCs after being cultured for 24 h (a), after the first medium change (b), after being cultured for 8 d in osteogenic media with secreted mineral salts (c), after being cultured for 12 d showing presence of mature calcified nodules formed (d), and appearing dark red after Alizarin Red-S staining (e). Appearance of primary ROB after being seeded for 24 h (f); passage 2 cells appearing uniform and slabstone-like after being cultured in osteogenic medium 4 d (g); presence of calcified nodules after 8 d of osteogenic induction culture (h); presence of mature mineralized nodules after osteogenic induction culture 12 d (i), and appearing dark red after the Alizarin Red-S staining (j). Isolated rabbit primary osteoclasts displayed irregular shape, multinuclear, and large size (k); nuclei of osteoclasts as stained with hoechst 33342 dye (l) and the merged image (m). Multinuclear appearance of osteoclasts as displayed by acridine orange staining (n); and osteoclasts as TRAP-stained positive multinuclear cells (o). (a)–(j) were observed under the phase contrast microscopy (Olympus, 100x) and (k)–(o) were observed under Eclipse 80i Fluorescence Microscope (Nikon, 100x).
