Predictive Potential of Twenty-Two Biochemical Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Table 1
The demographical clinical and biochemical characteristics of the 96 patients.
DM2 + CAD ()
DM2 ()
Age (years)
59 (57–62)
59 (52–64)
0.66
BMI (kg/m2)
29.1 ± 2.90
28.0 ± 2.96
0.11
Cholesterol (mg/dL)
216.7 ± 50.6
208.5 ± 41.1
0.53
Gender
Male
10 (48%)
32 (43%)
0.80
Female
11 (52%)
43 (57%)
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
129 (111–146)
124 (98–164)
0.92
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
35 (28–47)
45 (35–54)
0.01
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
185 (132–216)
184 (131–253)
0.60
LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol
3.23 (2.60–5.18)
2.88 (2.21–3.84)
0.08
Glucose (mg/dL)
164.1 ± 59.1
169.6 ± 88.3
0.48
Glycated hemoglobin (%)
8.4 (7.2–10.1)
8.2 (6.9–9.6)
0.69
Fructosamine (mg/dL)
2.96 (2.43–3.18)
3.83 (2.99–6.47)
<0.001
Homocysteine (µmol/L)
6.5 (3.5–10.6)
8.5 (5.6–12.3)
0.21
Cysteine (µmol/L)
168 (149–217)
198 (158–245)
0.17
Methionine (µmol/L)
21.2 (19.2–43.4)
26.0 (19.0–35.4)
0.81
Reduced glutathione (µmol/L)
3.28 (2.47–4.55)
4.05 (3.17–5.54)
0.03
Oxidized glutathione (µmol/L)
0.92 (0.68–1.16)
0.94 (0.66–1.34)
0.58
Reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione
3.11 (2.69–4.47)
3.96 (3.10–6.56)
0.05
L-Arginine (µmol/L)
48.4 (35.8–57.3)
49.3 (35.6–68.0)
0.37
Asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (µmol/L)
0.96 (0.88–1.46)
0.89 (0.69–1.22)
0.08
Symmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (µmol/L)
0.70 (0.49–0.82)
0.79 (0.62–1.03)
0.04
L-Arginine/asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine
39.4 (35.9–43.7)
51.9 (35.3–70.9)
0.02
Nitrate plus nitrite (µmol/L)
50.1 (36.9–57.0)
32.1 (25.5–41.1)
<0.001
S-Nitrosothiols (nM)
129 (93–164)
131 (95–170)
0.54
Nitrotyrosine (nM)
435 (375–453)
453 (315–615)
0.59
n-Acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (U/L)
33.2 (28.3–41.2)
26.3 (22.8–34.4)
0.02
DM2: type 2 diabetes mellitus. CAD: coronary artery disease. Results are given as means ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or counts (percentage). P values shown are not adjusted for multiple testing and refer to the univariate analysis.
