A Retrospective Analysis of the Relationship between Ethnicity, Body Mass Index, and the Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes in Women Attending an Australian Antenatal Clinic
Table 3
Results of univariable and multivariable logistic regression for presence or absence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in 4610 women at Sunshine Hospital, Australia.
Characteristics
GDM
Univariable analysis
Multivariable† analysis
GDM ()
No GDM ()
Odds ratio (95% CI)
value
Odds ratio (95% CI)
value
Country of birth
Australia or New Zealand
175
1757
1.00
1.00
Arab States
12
99
1.21 (0.65, 2.24)
0.55
1.33 (0.71, 2.50)
0.37
West and Central Asia
22
116
1.89 (1.17, 3.06)
0.01
2.47 (1.50, 4.05)
<0.001
Southeast Asia
161
761
2.11 (1.68, 2.66)
<0.001
3.03 (2.34, 3.93)
<0.001
East Asia
37
117
3.16 (2.11, 4.71)
<0.001
4.77 (3.12, 7.31)
<0.001
South Asia
136
537
2.59 (2.03, 3.30)
<0.001
3.38 (2.60, 4.40)
<0.001
Africa
34
320
1.12 (0.77, 1.63)
0.56
1.24 (0.83, 1.84)
0.29
Latin America
4
37
0.73 (0.42, 1.29)
0.28
0.90 (0.51, 1.60)
0.72
Oceania
11
72
1.06 (0.37, 3.00)
0.91
0.94 (0.33, 2.70)
0.91
Europe and North America
14
188
1.52 (0.79, 2.91)
0.21
1.12 (0.57, 2.19)
0.74
Age (per year)
25th centile (<26 years)
144
1216
1.00
1.00
50th centile (≥26 and <29 years)
121
888
1.15 (0.89, 1.49)
0.28
1.02 (0.78, 1.33)
0.88
75th centile (≥29 and <33 years)
146
1040
1.19 (0.93, 1.51)
0.17
1.05 (0.82, 1.35)
0.71
≥75th centile (≥33 years)
195
860
1.91 (1.52, 2.42)
<0.001
1.70 (1.34, 2.17)
<0.001
Body mass index (kg/m2)
Underweight (<18.5)
22
176
0.92 (0.64, 1.32)
0.64
0.96 (0.60, 1.54)
0.87
Normal (≥18.5 and <25)
221
1845
1.00
1.00
Overweight (≥25 and <30)
184
1047
1.47 (1.20, 1.81)
<0.001
1.72 (1.38, 2.14)
<0.001
Obese (≥30 and <35)
84
472
1.50 (1.15, 1.95)
0.003
2.14 (1.60, 2.86)
<0.001
Morbidly obese (≥35)
95
464
1.70 (1.32, 2.20)
<0.001
3.16 (2.34, 4.27)
<0.001
Parity
Nulliparous (parity = 0)
259
1739
1.00
1.00
Multiparous (parity 1 to 4)
321
2163
1.01 (0.85, 1.19)
0.96
1.00 (0.83, 1.19)
0.98
Grand multiparity (parity ≥5)
26
102
1.73 (1.12, 2.66)
0.01
1.80 (1.13, 2.86)
0.01
Total
606
4004
The multivariable analyses are adjusted for the other remaining maternal characteristics listed in the table. Nagelkerke . 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.
