Altered Daytime Fluctuation Pattern of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Strong Association with Persistently Elevated Plasma Insulin, Increased Insulin Resistance, and Abdominal Obesity

Table 1

Patient characteristics.

Variables	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D
	T2D+ CAD+	T2D+ CAD−	T2D− CAD+	Controls
	26	10	12	12
Gender (m/f)	18/8	3/7	9/3	5/7
Age (years)	56.9 ± 9.	54.5 ± 7.2	55.9 ± 11.0	53.9 ± 11.0
Duration of diabetes (years)	9.8 ± 4.2	9.6 ± 3.6	/	/
Duration of CAD (years)	6.9 ± 4.5	/	6.2 ± 3.0	/
Hypertension (, %)	18 (69.2)	7 (70.0)	9 (75.0)	4 (33.3)^a
Smokers (, %)	13 (50.0)	4 (40.0)	6 (50.0)	7 (58.0)

Data are expressed as mean ± SD; T2D: type 2 diabetes; CAD: coronary artery disease.
< 0.05 versus groups A, B, and C.