Research Article
Effect of Repetitive Glucose Spike and Hypoglycaemia on Atherosclerosis and Death Rate in Apo E-Deficient Mice
Table 1
Body weight, food intake, and laboratory data for each group after 15 weeks’ administration.
| | | Control group
() | Glucose group
() | Glucose + iplagliflozin group
() | Insulin group
() | Glucose + insulin group
() |
| | Body weight (g) | 25.6 ± 0.3 | 25.7 ± 0.3 | 25.3 ± 0.3 | 25.8 ± 0.5 | 25.5 ± 0.4 | | Food intake (g/day) | 3.1 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 0.1 | | HbA1c (%) | 3.8 ± 0.0 | 3.8 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 0.0 | 3.8 ± 0.0 | 3.8 ± 0.0 | | Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 14.0 ± 0.4 | 13.5 ± 0.5 | 14.8 ± 0.5 | 14.2 ± 0.5 | 14.2 ± 0.6 | | HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | | LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | | Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | | Tumour necrotic factor- (pg/mL) | 15.8 ± 1.0 | 15.6 ± 0.9 | 14.4 ± 0.5 | 14.0 ± 0.7 | 15.1 ± 0.9 | | Interleukin-1 (pg/mL) | 32.0 ± 3.0 | 30.5 ± 1.9 | 27.1 ± 1.4 | 28.7 ± 0.8 | 30.5 ± 3.0 | | Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) | 11.9 ± 1.3 () | 21.4 ± 6.9 () | 11.7 ± 1.3
() | 13.8 ± 2.4 | 12.9 ± 1.4 |
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Data are mean ± SEM.
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